Petkeljärvi National Park

Petkeljärvi Overview

Petkeljärvi National Park, known locally as Petkeljärven kansallispuisto, is one of Finland’s smallest yet most captivating national parks. Located in the North Karelia region near the Russian border, the park spans approximately 6.5 square miles (17 square kilometers).

Despite its modest size, it is a remarkable natural sanctuary showcasing the rugged beauty of Finland’s eastern wilderness. Established in 1956, Petkeljärvi National Park is part of the larger network of Finland’s protected areas, which seek to preserve the unique ridges and forests formed by ancient glacial activity.

The park is best known for its esker ridges, which were shaped during the last Ice Age. These long, narrow landforms rise above the surrounding waters, creating a striking contrast between the rocky terrain and the calm lakes. The dominant vegetation includes old-growth pine forests, with some areas hosting thick undergrowth of bilberry and lingonberry bushes.

Several small lakes, including Petkeljärvi and Valkiajärvi, reflect the dense tree lines, creating serene and picturesque views. The clear, pristine waters in these lakes and ponds are an important part of the ecosystem, supporting a variety of aquatic species.

Visitors to Petkeljärvi National Park have an opportunity to encounter diverse wildlife, though the dense forests and remote setting mean that some species remain elusive. Among the most notable mammals in the park are moose, which roam the pine forests, and the smaller yet equally fascinating Eurasian red squirrel. Lynx and brown bears are also present in the broader region but are rarely seen.

The birdlife in Petkeljärvi is particularly rich, with the park serving as a haven for woodpeckers, owls, and various migratory species. Black-throated divers (Gavia arctica) are commonly seen on the park’s lakes, their eerie calls echoing across the water, while western capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) and black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix) inhabit the dense woodlands.

One of the most popular features of Petkeljärvi National Park is its extensive hiking and canoeing opportunities. The 10-kilometer (6-mile) Kuikan Kierros Trail takes hikers along the ridges, offering stunning views of the surrounding forests and lakes.

The park’s relatively easy terrain makes it accessible for visitors of all skill levels. Canoeing on the park’s lakes and waterways is another highlight, with the clear waters providing a peaceful and immersive way to explore the landscape. In winter, the snow-covered forest transforms the park into a pristine wonderland, attracting cross-country skiers looking for solitude in nature.

Despite its relatively undisturbed environment, Petkeljärvi National Park faces conservation challenges, primarily related to human impact and climate change. The fragile esker ridges are particularly vulnerable to erosion, necessitating careful management of foot traffic.

However, conservation efforts have been largely successful in maintaining the park’s pristine condition, with strict regulations in place to ensure minimal environmental disturbance. The park is managed by Metsähallitus, Finland’s state-owned enterprise responsible for environmental conservation, which promotes sustainable tourism while preserving the area’s natural integrity.

Park Map

Petkeljärvi National Park Highlights

Wildlife

Birds

Petkeljärvi National Park is a paradise for birdwatchers, featuring a mix of forest, wetland, and lake habitats that attract a diverse array of avian species.

Black Woodpecker (Dryocopus martius)
This large woodpecker, with its striking black plumage and red crown, is a common sight in the park’s old-growth forests. It plays a vital role in creating nesting cavities used by other birds.

Common Crane (Grus grus)
A symbol of Finland’s wilderness, the common crane can be seen in the park’s wetlands during migration. These tall, elegant birds perform elaborate courtship dances in the spring.

Western Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus)
One of Europe’s largest grouse species, the capercaillie is well adapted to the boreal forests. Males display impressive courtship rituals, fanning their tails and making deep, resonant calls.

Eurasian Eagle-Owl (Bubo bubo)
As one of the largest owl species in the world, the Eurasian eagle-owl is a formidable nocturnal hunter. It preys on small mammals and birds, using its powerful talons and keen eyesight.

Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus)
Finland’s national bird, the whooper swan, is frequently seen in the park’s lakes and ponds. Known for their loud, trumpet-like calls, these swans mate for life.

Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)
A skilled fish hunter, the osprey can often be seen soaring above the park’s lakes before diving to catch its prey. It builds large nests on tree tops and rocky outcrops.

Bohemian Waxwing (Bombycilla garrulus)
With its soft plumage and distinctive crest, the Bohemian waxwing is a winter visitor to the park. These birds feast on berries and are known for their social behavior.

Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus)
This bird is well adapted to Finland’s harsh winters, with its seasonal plumage changing from brown in summer to white in winter. It thrives in the park’s shrubby and forested areas.

Great Grey Owl (Strix nebulosa)
A master of silent flight, the great grey owl is one of Finland’s most elusive birds of prey. It prefers dense forests and hunts small rodents in open meadows.

Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)
A powerful and agile hunter, the northern goshawk preys on birds and small mammals in the park’s dense woodlands. It is known for its rapid, surprise attacks on prey.

Petkeljärvi National Park offers a remarkable opportunity to experience Finland’s diverse wildlife, from its elusive predators to its magnificent bird species.