Pyhä-Häkki National Park

Pyhä-Häkki Overview

Pyhä-Häkki National Park, known locally as Pyhä-Häkin kansallispuisto, is a pristine natural area in Central Finland, covering 8.9 square miles (23 square kilometers). Located in the municipality of Saarijärvi, this national park is renowned for its ancient forests, some of which are among the oldest in southern Finland.

Established in 1956, Pyhä-Häkki protects a unique boreal forest ecosystem, offering visitors a glimpse into an untouched Finnish wilderness dominated by centuries-old pine trees, diverse wetlands, and rich wildlife.

The terrain of Pyhä-Häkki National Park is characterized by a mix of old-growth forests, mires, and small lakes. The park’s most famous trees include towering Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris), some of which have stood for over 400 years. These ancient pines are accompanied by Norway spruces and birch trees, forming a dense boreal woodland.

In addition to its vast forests, Pyhä-Häkki features wetlands and open fens, particularly in the Kotajärvenneva mire area, which adds to the park’s ecological diversity. This mixture of landscapes creates an environment teeming with plant and animal life, making it an excellent destination for nature enthusiasts and researchers alike.

Wildlife in Pyhä-Häkki National Park is typical of the Finnish boreal forest. Mammals that roam the park include moose, roe deer, and red foxes, while smaller inhabitants such as pine martens and hares are also common. Occasionally, a lynx may be spotted moving stealthily through the forest.

The park is also a haven for birdwatchers, as it provides habitat for species such as the black woodpecker, capercaillie, and Siberian jay. Wetlands within the park attract wading birds and waterfowl, making spring and early summer an especially vibrant time for avian activity.

One of the most popular features of Pyhä-Häkki National Park is Häkin torni, a wooden observation tower that offers panoramic views over the old-growth forest. The Kilpisaari nature trail, a well-maintained 3.5-mile (5.5-kilometer) hiking path, provides visitors with an opportunity to explore the park’s towering trees and diverse landscapes.

Another notable feature is Valklampi, a scenic small lake nestled among the trees, where visitors often pause to take in the tranquil surroundings. The Pyhä-Häkki Ancient Forest, home to some of the oldest trees in Finland, is a must-visit for those looking to experience the primeval beauty of the region.

Visitors to Pyhä-Häkki can engage with the park in various ways, with hiking being the most popular activity. The well-marked trails make it accessible for visitors of all ages and skill levels. Nature photography is also a favorite pastime, as the park’s untouched landscapes provide countless picturesque moments.

During winter, snowshoeing offers an alternative way to explore the forest, while in autumn, the park becomes a destination for mushroom and berry picking. Additionally, the peaceful setting makes it an ideal location for simply relaxing and enjoying the solitude of nature.

Conservation efforts in Pyhä-Häkki National Park have been highly successful, particularly in protecting its ancient forests from logging. The park was established to preserve one of the last remaining old-growth forests in southern Finland, and today it serves as a crucial sanctuary for rare plant and animal species.

However, climate change poses an ongoing challenge, affecting the park’s delicate wetland ecosystems and the survival of certain species. Management efforts focus on habitat preservation and visitor education to ensure that this unique landscape remains protected for future generations.

Park Map

Pyhä-Häkki National Park Highlights

Wildlife

Pyhä-Häkki National Park, located in central Finland, is known for its ancient forests, pristine bogs, and diverse wildlife. The park is home to a variety of mammals, amphibians, and insects that thrive in its old-growth forest environment. Here are some of the most notable species found in Pyhä-Häkki National Park:

Brown Bear (Ursus arctos)
The brown bear, Finland’s largest carnivore, roams the vast forests of Pyhä-Häkki. These powerful animals are mostly solitary and tend to avoid humans, but their presence is an indicator of a healthy ecosystem.

Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx)
A secretive and elusive predator, the Eurasian lynx is Finland’s only wild feline. It preys on hares and small deer, using its keen eyesight and stealth to hunt.

European Elk (Alces alces)
The European elk, or moose, is the largest land mammal in Finland. These impressive herbivores are commonly seen in the park’s wetlands and along forest edges, foraging on willows and other vegetation.

Wolverine (Gulo gulo)
A rare but remarkable sight, the wolverine is a powerful scavenger and predator that roams the park’s remote areas. It is known for its strength, endurance, and ability to survive in harsh environments.

Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)
The adaptable red fox is commonly seen in Pyhä-Häkki, hunting small mammals, birds, and berries. It thrives in diverse habitats, from deep forests to open meadows.

European Badger (Meles meles)
Badgers are nocturnal creatures that dig extensive burrow systems in the park’s forests. They are omnivorous, feeding on earthworms, berries, and small animals.

Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)
An introduced species in Finland, the raccoon dog has adapted well to the country’s forests. These nocturnal canines are known for their distinctive fur and omnivorous diet.

Western Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus)
Although primarily a bird, the capercaillie is worth mentioning due to its size and prominence in the park’s ecosystem. Males perform elaborate courtship displays in spring to attract mates.

Adder (Vipera berus)
The common European adder is Finland’s only venomous snake, found in forest clearings and along sunny trails. It is not aggressive and typically avoids human encounters.

European Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus)
This small, agile deer species is frequently spotted in Pyhä-Häkki’s woodlands. Roe deer are known for their cautious movements and ability to adapt to various habitats.

Birds

Pyhä-Häkki National Park is home to a variety of bird species, particularly those that thrive in boreal forests and wetlands. Many of these birds are elusive, but patient birdwatchers may catch glimpses of them during their visit.

Black Woodpecker (Dryocopus martius)
This large, striking woodpecker is commonly seen in the old-growth forests of Pyhä-Häkki. Its loud drumming on tree trunks is a characteristic sound of the park.

Ural Owl (Strix uralensis)
A powerful nocturnal predator, the Ural owl hunts small mammals in the dense woodlands. Its deep, resonant hoots can often be heard echoing through the forest.

Siberian Jay (Perisoreus infaustus)
A curious and friendly bird, the Siberian jay is often seen in pairs or small groups. It is known for its intelligence and ability to store food for winter.

Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)
A stealthy hunter of the park’s woodlands, the northern goshawk preys on birds and small mammals. It is a powerful raptor with excellent flying skills.

Common Crane (Grus grus)
A majestic wader, the common crane is often found in wetland areas near the park. Its trumpet-like calls can be heard in spring and autumn during migration.

Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker (Picoides tridactylus)
This rare woodpecker thrives in Pyhä-Häkki’s ancient forests, where it pecks at tree bark in search of insects. Its presence is a sign of a healthy old-growth ecosystem.

Willow Tit (Poecile montanus)
A small but hardy bird, the willow tit is a year-round resident of the park. It is known for its distinctive call and ability to survive the harsh Finnish winters.

Common Crossbill (Loxia curvirostra)
Specialized for extracting seeds from pine cones, the common crossbill is often found in coniferous forests. Its unique beak shape helps it access food that other birds cannot.

Tengmalm’s Owl (Aegolius funereus)
A small, nocturnal owl, Tengmalm’s owl is difficult to spot but can be heard calling in the dense forest at night. It preys on voles and other small mammals.

Bohemian Waxwing (Bombycilla garrulus)
A winter visitor to Pyhä-Häkki, the Bohemian waxwing is known for its striking plumage and love for berries. Flocks of these birds can often be seen feeding on rowan trees.

Pyhä-Häkki National Park offers a pristine environment for wildlife and bird enthusiasts, making it a great destination for observing Finland’s unique boreal species.