U Minh Thượng National Park

U Minh Thượng Overview

U Minh Thượng National Park, located in southern Vietnam’s Kien Giang Province, is a remarkable wetland reserve recognized for its unique biodiversity and ecological significance. Known locally as Vườn Quốc Gia U Minh Thượng, this national park spans an area of approximately 32 square miles (82.86 square kilometers) and is part of the Mekong Delta region. It is one of the most important peat swamp forests in Vietnam and a critical habitat for numerous species of flora and fauna.

The park’s terrain is characterized by low-lying wetlands dominated by peat swamps, melaleuca forests, and grasslands. The vibrant vegetation of U Minh Thượng includes expansive areas of melaleuca trees (Melaleuca cajuputi), which thrive in the swampy conditions and are integral to the park’s ecosystem. These forests are interspersed with canals and lagoons, which play a crucial role in the park’s hydrology. The terrain and flora create a lush, green environment that is both tranquil and mesmerizing, providing an ideal setting for nature enthusiasts and researchers alike.

U Minh Thượng is home to an impressive array of wildlife, including several endangered and rare species. Among the mammals, visitors might spot fishing cats (Prionailurus viverrinus), smooth-coated otters (Lutrogale perspicillata), and various types of bats. Birdwatchers will be delighted by the diversity of avian species, including the lesser adjutant (Leptoptilos javanicus), grey-headed fish eagle (Haliaeetus ichthyaetus), and the Oriental darter (Anhinga melanogaster). The wetlands also support numerous amphibians, reptiles, and fish species, which contribute to the ecological richness of the region.

Popular features of the park include its dense melaleuca forests, intricate waterways, and wildlife observation opportunities. The wetlands and lagoons, dotted with lotus flowers and water lilies, create a picturesque scene that captures the essence of the Mekong Delta’s natural beauty. Visitors can explore the park via boat tours through its canals, offering an immersive experience into its verdant landscapes and a chance to observe wildlife in its natural habitat. Birdwatching platforms and guided treks provide additional ways to engage with the park’s rich biodiversity.

Conservation remains a critical focus for U Minh Thượng National Park. The park faces challenges such as habitat degradation, illegal logging, and water pollution, which threaten its delicate ecosystems. However, significant efforts have been made to address these issues, including reforestation initiatives, water management projects, and community engagement programs. The park’s management works closely with local communities to promote sustainable practices, ensuring the preservation of this unique wetland ecosystem for future generations.

Park Map

U Minh Thượng National Park Highlights

Wildlife

U Minh Thượng National Park, located in the southern part of Vietnam, is renowned for its unique wetland ecosystem and diverse wildlife. The park features rich biodiversity, including numerous species of mammals, reptiles, and amphibians, which thrive in its dense swamp forests and peatland habitats. Below are some of the popular species found in U Minh Thượng National Park:

Sunda Pangolin
A critically endangered species, the Sunda Pangolin is known for its protective keratin scales. This nocturnal mammal feeds on ants and termites and plays a crucial role in controlling insect populations.

Smooth-coated Otter
This semi-aquatic mammal thrives in the park’s wetland environment. It is characterized by its sleek fur, webbed feet, and playful behavior, often seen swimming in rivers or hunting for fish.

Fishing Cat
This medium-sized wild cat is adapted to wetland habitats. It has a unique ability to swim and hunt in water, preying on fish, frogs, and small mammals.

Burmese Python
One of the largest snake species, the Burmese Python, inhabits the park’s swampy areas. It is a non-venomous constrictor that preys on a variety of animals, including rodents and birds.

Large-spotted Civet
A nocturnal carnivore, the Large-spotted Civet is distinguished by its spotted coat and bushy tail. It is an essential part of the ecosystem as a seed disperser and predator of small creatures.

Malayan Snail-eating Turtle
This freshwater turtle species is uniquely adapted to its swampy habitat. It primarily feeds on snails and other small invertebrates found in the wetlands.

Indochinese Water Dragon
This brightly colored lizard is a frequent sight in the park’s waterways and forests. It is an excellent swimmer and primarily feeds on insects and small animals.

Saltwater Crocodile
Though rare, the Saltwater Crocodile is a notable apex predator in U Minh Thượng’s wetlands. It preys on fish, birds, and other animals, contributing to the balance of the ecosystem.

Crab-eating Macaque
These social primates are commonly seen in groups near water bodies, feeding on crabs, fruits, and other available resources in the swampy landscape.

Asian Water Monitor
This large reptile is one of the park’s most iconic species. It is an opportunistic predator and scavenger, feeding on a variety of prey, including fish and small mammals.

Birds

U Minh Thượng National Park is also a sanctuary for numerous bird species, many of which are rare and threatened. The park’s wetlands provide an ideal habitat for these avian creatures. Below are some of the popular bird species found in the park:

Sarus Crane
The tallest flying bird in the world, the Sarus Crane is a striking species with its bright red head and long legs. It prefers wetland habitats and feeds on roots, tubers, and small aquatic animals.

Asian Openbill Stork
This distinctive stork has a gap between its beak, which is specially adapted for feeding on snails. It is often seen foraging in the park’s shallow waters.

Oriental Darter
Known as the “snakebird” for its long neck, the Oriental Darter is an excellent swimmer and dives underwater to catch fish.

Black-headed Ibis
A wading bird with a black head and curved beak, the Black-headed Ibis is commonly spotted in wetlands and feeds on invertebrates and small fish.

Spot-billed Pelican
This large waterbird is known for its characteristic spot-marked bill. It nests in colonies and primarily feeds on fish.

Purple Heron
A striking bird with a reddish-purple neck, the Purple Heron is often found stalking its prey in the park’s marshy areas.

Little Cormorant
This small black waterbird dives skillfully to catch fish. It is a common sight perched on trees or rocks near water bodies.

Greater Coucal
Recognizable by its glossy black plumage and chestnut wings, the Greater Coucal is a ground-dwelling bird that feeds on insects, small reptiles, and even small mammals.

Black-crowned Night Heron
This nocturnal bird is active during the night, foraging for fish and crustaceans. It is often seen resting during the day in the park’s dense vegetation.

White-winged Duck
A rare and endangered species, the White-winged Duck is notable for its striking white wing patches and dark plumage. It prefers secluded wetlands and forested areas for nesting and feeding.