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Coelacanth Overview

Coelacanth National Park, known locally as “Parc National du Cœlacanthe,” is a marine protected area situated off the coast of Grande Comore (Ngazidja), the largest island in the Union of the Comoros. Established in 2010, the park encompasses approximately 92.76 square kilometers (35.8 square miles) of seascape, including volcanic caves and coral reefs that provide critical habitats for various marine species.

The park’s underwater topography is notable for its volcanic caves located near the coast, which serve as shelters for the coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae), a rare and ancient fish species often referred to as a “living fossil.” These caves are typically found at depths ranging from 150 to 200 meters (492 to 656 feet), creating a unique environment for deep-sea exploration. While the park does not feature mountains or waterfalls, its coastal landscapes offer scenic views of the Indian Ocean and the island’s volcanic terrain.

Coelacanth National Park is renowned for its rich marine biodiversity. The coral reefs within the park attract various marine mammals, including whales and dolphins, making it a significant area for marine life observation. The presence of the coelacanth, a species once thought extinct until its rediscovery in 1938, adds exceptional scientific value to the park. The coelacanth’s unique evolutionary history and rarity make it a focal point for marine biologists and conservationists worldwide.

In terms of conservation efforts, the establishment of Coelacanth National Park was part of a broader governmental initiative announced in 2016 to protect 25% of the Comoros’ marine and coastal areas by 2021. This initiative aims to preserve the country’s marine biodiversity and promote sustainable use of marine resources. The park is managed by the Comoros National Parks Agency, which collaborates with local communities and international organizations to implement conservation strategies, monitor marine ecosystems, and promote environmental education.

Visitors to Coelacanth National Park can engage in activities such as snorkeling and diving to explore the vibrant coral reefs and observe marine life. While direct encounters with coelacanths are rare due to their deep-sea habitat, the park offers opportunities to learn about this enigmatic species through educational programs and exhibits. Boat tours are available for whale and dolphin watching, especially during migration seasons. The park’s coastal areas also provide picturesque settings for relaxation and photography, with the backdrop of Grande Comore’s volcanic landscapes enhancing the scenic beauty.

In summary, Coelacanth National Park serves as a vital sanctuary for marine biodiversity in the Comoros, offering protection to rare species like the coelacanth and supporting the conservation of rich marine ecosystems. Its establishment reflects the nation’s commitment to environmental preservation and sustainable resource management, ensuring that the unique marine life and habitats are safeguarded for future generations.

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Park Map
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Coelacanth National Park Highlights

Coelacanth National Park, located in Comoros, is a unique marine and terrestrial reserve where rare and fascinating species thrive in the diverse ecosystems that range from ocean depths to lush coastal forests.

Living Coelacanth
This prehistoric fish, often referred to as a “living fossil,” is a remarkable resident of the park’s deep-sea environment, showcasing ancient evolutionary traits.

Humpback Whale
Seasonal visitors to the park’s coastal waters, humpback whales are known for their acrobatic breaches and hauntingly beautiful songs.

Spinner Dolphin
These playful marine mammals are frequently seen leaping and spinning in pods near the park’s coral reefs.

Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin
A highly social species, the Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphin navigates the park’s clear waters, often interacting with boats and snorkelers.

Green Sea Turtle
A vital part of the park’s marine ecosystem, green sea turtles nest on its beaches and graze on seagrass in shallow lagoons.

Hawksbill Turtle
Critically endangered, the hawksbill turtle can be spotted feeding on sponges along the coral reefs.

Comorian Fruit Bat
This large bat, also known as the flying fox, roosts in the park’s coastal forests and plays a crucial role in pollination and seed dispersal.

Reef Shark
Small reef sharks, such as the blacktip and whitetip species, patrol the coral reefs, helping maintain balance within the marine ecosystem.

Indian Ocean Dugong
An elusive marine mammal, the dugong is occasionally spotted grazing on seagrass meadows in the park’s protected bays.

Gecko
Several endemic gecko species inhabit the park’s forested areas, showcasing remarkable adaptations to their arboreal habitats.

Birds

The park’s coastal forests, mangroves, and marine ecosystems make it a vital sanctuary for a variety of bird species, both resident and migratory.

Comoros Blue Pigeon
An endemic species with iridescent plumage, the Comoros blue pigeon is a highlight for birdwatchers exploring the forest canopy.

Madagascar Kingfisher
This vibrant kingfisher is often seen near mangroves and streams, diving skillfully to catch fish.

Frigatebird
A striking seabird, the frigatebird is known for its long wingspan and males’ distinctive red throat pouch during breeding season.

Brown Noddy
Frequently found nesting on rocky islets, the brown noddy is a common sight along the park’s coastal areas.

White-tailed Tropicbird
With its long tail streamers and elegant flight, the white-tailed tropicbird is often seen gliding over the ocean.

Comoros Green Sunbird
Endemic to the region, this small, brightly colored bird flits through the park’s coastal forests in search of nectar.

Greater Crested Tern
A large and graceful seabird, the greater crested tern is frequently spotted fishing in the park’s waters.

Lesser Frigatebird
This smaller relative of the frigatebird soars effortlessly over the park’s seas, scavenging for food.

Mangrove Heron
Often camouflaged among the mangroves, the mangrove heron stalks fish and crabs along the water’s edge.

Comoros Fody
A vibrant songbird endemic to the area, the Comoros fody adds flashes of red and yellow to the park’s forested landscapes.

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Engaging Coelacanth National Park

Coelacanth National Park’s vibrant coral reefs provide an underwater paradise for snorkelers and divers. The reefs are teeming with marine life, from colorful fish to reef sharks, offering a breathtaking glimpse into the park’s biodiversity.

Diving tours often explore deeper areas where the rare coelacanth resides, though sightings require advanced technical diving. For snorkelers, shallow lagoons reveal thriving ecosystems with turtles, dolphins, and an array of corals.

Guides provide fascinating insights into the marine environment, emphasizing conservation efforts to protect these fragile habitats. This activity is a must for marine enthusiasts seeking an immersive experience.

The park’s pristine waters are ideal for boat tours that showcase its natural beauty and marine life. Seasonal whale-watching trips offer visitors a chance to observe humpback whales breaching and singing as they migrate through the region.

Dolphins often accompany boats, delighting passengers with their playful behavior.

Tours may also include stops at isolated beaches or rocky islets, where visitors can relax or explore. Guides share knowledge about the marine ecosystem, local culture, and conservation efforts, making this activity both educational and exhilarating.

Exploring the park’s coastal forests on foot offers an intimate connection with its unique biodiversity. Guided treks take visitors through mangroves, lush woodlands, and cliffside paths, where they may encounter endemic species like the Comoros blue pigeon or the Comoros fody.

The treks are ideal for birdwatchers, with opportunities to spot both migratory and resident birds in their natural habitats. Along the way, guides point out medicinal plants and describe the cultural significance of the park’s ecosystems. The combination of stunning views, rare wildlife, and peaceful surroundings makes this activity a memorable experience.