Dartmoor National Park

Dartmoor Overview

Dartmoor National Park, or simply Dartmoor, is a rugged expanse of moorland located in Devon, England. Spanning approximately 368 square miles (954 square kilometers), it is one of the largest open spaces in southern England. The park’s name originates from the River Dart, which flows through its dramatic landscapes.

Dartmoor is a designated National Park and a region rich in history, natural beauty, and unique ecosystems, offering an unparalleled glimpse into England’s wild side. Its terrain is characterized by granite tors, vast stretches of open moorland, and deep wooded valleys, all shaped by millennia of natural forces.

Key geographic features include iconic tors such as Haytor, Hound Tor, and High Willhays, the latter being the highest point in southern England at 2,037 feet (621 meters). Waterfalls like Becky Falls and dramatic river gorges, such as the one carved by the River Dart, add variety to the landscape, while peat bogs and mires provide critical habitats for rare flora.

Dartmoor is home to a diverse array of plant and animal life, much of which has adapted to the park’s unique climate and terrain. Wild ponies, perhaps the most iconic animals of Dartmoor, roam freely across the moors, drawing fascination from visitors. These hardy creatures, which have grazed the area for centuries, are joined by red deer, badgers, and foxes among the larger mammals.

Dartmoor’s birdlife is equally captivating, with species such as peregrine falcons, skylarks, and cuckoos frequently spotted. The rivers and streams that crisscross the park support otters and dippers, while the heathlands provide a habitat for rare insects and reptiles, including the elusive adder.

One of Dartmoor’s defining features is its rich cultural heritage, dating back thousands of years. The park is scattered with ancient stone circles, burial mounds, and the remnants of Bronze Age settlements, such as those at Grimspound. More recent history is evident in abandoned tin mines and medieval farmsteads. Visitors are drawn to these historic sites as much as they are to the natural beauty of Dartmoor.

Hiking is one of the most popular ways to experience the park, with countless trails leading to tors, valleys, and secluded woodlands. Rock climbing, cycling, and horseback riding are also common activities. Adventurers can explore Dartmoor’s more rugged terrain, while families enjoy picnicking and gentle walks near villages like Widecombe-in-the-Moor.

Dartmoor faces ongoing conservation challenges, particularly balancing tourism with the need to protect its delicate ecosystems. Erosion caused by heavy foot traffic and the impact of livestock grazing are among the primary concerns for park management.

However, conservation initiatives, including habitat restoration projects and educational programs, have been successful in preserving Dartmoor’s natural and cultural heritage. The park’s designation as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) further underscores its ecological importance, ensuring that its unique landscapes and biodiversity are safeguarded for future generations.

Park Map

Dartmoor National Park Highlights

Wildlife

Birds

Dartmoor National Park is also a haven for bird enthusiasts, hosting a variety of bird species that thrive in its diverse habitats. Below are some of the more popular bird species found in the park:

Peregrine Falcon
The peregrine falcon is one of the fastest birds in the world and is often seen soaring above Dartmoor’s cliffs and tors. Their impressive hunting dives make them a spectacular sight.

Buzzard
Buzzards are large birds of prey commonly seen circling the skies over Dartmoor. They are easily identified by their broad wings and distinctive call.

Skylark
Skylarks are known for their melodious song and can often be heard singing high above the moorlands. These birds are a true emblem of Dartmoor’s open landscapes.

Raven
The raven, the largest member of the crow family, is frequently spotted in Dartmoor. Their deep, croaking calls and aerial acrobatics are hard to miss.

Wheatear
Wheatears are migratory birds that return to Dartmoor during the breeding season. They are recognized by their striking black-and-white tail markings.

Stonechat
Stonechats are small, colorful birds that inhabit the moorland and scrub areas of Dartmoor. They are often seen perched on bushes or rocks, emitting sharp, chirping calls.

Dipper
The dipper is a unique bird that thrives near Dartmoor’s fast-flowing rivers. They are known for their ability to walk underwater in search of food.

Kingfisher
Kingfishers, with their vibrant blue and orange plumage, are a striking sight along Dartmoor’s rivers and streams. These birds are skilled hunters, diving into the water to catch fish.

Meadow Pipit
Meadow pipits are small, brown-streaked birds commonly seen in Dartmoor’s grasslands. They are known for their undulating flight patterns and melodic calls.

Golden Plover
Golden plovers are often found in Dartmoor’s upland areas. These medium-sized wading birds are recognized for their golden-spotted plumage and distinctive calls.

Dartmoor National Park, located in Devon, England, is renowned for its rugged moorland, rolling hills, and diverse wildlife. The park provides a sanctuary for a wide array of animal species, making it a significant destination for nature enthusiasts. Below are some of the more popular species found in Dartmoor National Park:

Dartmoor Pony
The Dartmoor Pony is a hardy and iconic species native to the moorlands. These semi-wild ponies are well-adapted to the harsh conditions of the park and are known for their intelligence, resilience, and friendly demeanor.

Otter
Otters can often be found near the rivers and streams of Dartmoor. These playful and elusive mammals thrive in the clean waters of the park, where they hunt for fish and other aquatic prey.

European Badger
Badgers are a common sight in Dartmoor, particularly in wooded areas and grasslands. They are nocturnal creatures, known for their distinctive black-and-white striped faces.

Red Fox
The red fox is a versatile predator that can be seen throughout Dartmoor. These cunning mammals are easily identified by their reddish coat and bushy tails.

Fallow Deer
Fallow deer are frequently spotted grazing in the park’s wooded and open areas. Their elegant appearance and spotted coats make them a favorite among visitors.

European Hedgehog
Hedgehogs inhabit Dartmoor’s hedgerows and gardens, particularly during the warmer months. These spiny mammals play an essential role in controlling insect populations.

Roe Deer
Roe deer are shy and graceful creatures that are often seen in Dartmoor’s woodlands. Their agility and speed make them adept at navigating the rugged terrain.

Grey Squirrel
Although not native, the grey squirrel has become a familiar species in Dartmoor’s wooded areas. They are known for their bushy tails and acrobatic movements.

European Adder
The adder, the UK’s only venomous snake, is occasionally spotted basking in the sun on Dartmoor’s heathlands. They are non-aggressive and usually avoid human interaction.

Common Frog
Common frogs are abundant in Dartmoor’s ponds and wetlands. These amphibians are recognized for their smooth skin and ability to adapt to varying conditions.