Khustain Nuruu National Park

Khustain Nuruu Overview

Khustain Nuruu National Park, also known as Hustai National Park in the local Mongolian language, is a protected area located in the Töv Province of Mongolia, approximately 60 miles (100 km) west of the capital, Ulaanbaatar. Covering an area of 184 square miles (476 square kilometers), this park is renowned for its expansive landscapes, rich biodiversity, and historical significance.

Established in 1993, Khustain Nuruu National Park plays a crucial role in preserving Mongolia’s unique ecological heritage, particularly as a sanctuary for the reintroduction of the wild Przewalski’s horse, or takhi, a species once thought to be extinct in the wild.

The terrain of Khustain Nuruu National Park is defined by rolling steppe, rocky outcrops, and gently undulating hills interspersed with lush river valleys. The park’s diverse habitats range from open grasslands to dense patches of birch and aspen forests, particularly along the riverbanks. Seasonal streams and the Tuul River, which meanders through the park, enhance the natural beauty of the landscape while supporting a variety of plant and animal life. During spring and summer, the steppe blooms with wildflowers, painting the landscape with hues of yellow, purple, and red.

Hustai is perhaps most famous for its role in conserving the Przewalski’s horse, the last truly wild horse species. Visitors to the park often encounter these majestic animals grazing in small herds, their dun-colored coats blending seamlessly with the grasslands.

Beyond the takhi, the park is home to other significant mammals, such as Mongolian gazelles, red deer, wild boars, and wolves. Birdwatchers are drawn to Hustai to observe over 200 bird species, including golden eagles, steppe eagles, and demoiselle cranes, which nest in the park’s diverse habitats.

One of the park’s most popular features is the chance to witness the successful reintroduction of the Przewalski’s horse into its natural habitat. Guided tours offer close-up views of these horses in their native environment, providing insight into their behaviors and the conservation efforts that saved them from extinction.

Visitors can also explore the park on foot, horseback, or guided jeep tours, which allow them to appreciate the breathtaking scenery and observe wildlife up close. The park’s archaeological sites, including ancient burial mounds and petroglyphs, add a layer of historical intrigue to the visitor experience.

Khustain Nuruu National Park faces several conservation challenges, including climate change, habitat degradation, and balancing tourism with ecological preservation. However, the park has been a model of conservation success, particularly in its collaboration with international organizations to reintroduce the takhi. Sustainable tourism initiatives and active involvement of local communities have further bolstered the park’s efforts to protect its unique ecosystem and cultural heritage.

Park Map

Khustain Nuruu National Park Highlights

Wildlife

Hustai National Park in Mongolia is renowned for its diverse wildlife, particularly its reintroduction of the endangered Przewalski’s horse. The park’s landscapes of grasslands, forests, and mountains provide habitats for various iconic species. Below are some of the most popular species found in Hustai National Park:

Przewalski’s Horse (Takhi)
Known as the last truly wild horse species, the Przewalski’s horse is the star of Hustai National Park. Reintroduced in the 1990s, these robust, stocky horses are a symbol of conservation success and are easily recognized by their short, upright manes and dun-colored coats.

Mongolian Gazelle
These swift and graceful antelopes thrive in the open steppes and grasslands of Hustai. They are well-adapted to the harsh climate and are often seen grazing in herds.

Red Deer
A common sight in the forested regions of the park, red deer are known for their large antlers and reddish-brown coats. During the rutting season, their loud calls echo through the valleys.

Gray Wolf
An apex predator in the park, gray wolves play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. These intelligent and social animals often roam the park in packs.

Siberian Roe Deer
Smaller and more elusive than the red deer, Siberian roe deer inhabit the park’s forest edges. They are known for their agility and cautious nature.

Corsac Fox
This small and resourceful fox is adapted to the steppe ecosystem. With its thick, grayish-yellow fur, the corsac fox is a master at blending into its surroundings.

Eurasian Lynx
The elusive Eurasian lynx, with its tufted ears and powerful build, occasionally roams the park’s wooded areas. These solitary cats are rare and difficult to spot.

Argali Sheep
These impressive wild sheep, with their massive curved horns, inhabit the park’s rugged terrain. They are an iconic species of the Mongolian steppe and mountains.

Steppe Polecat
A small carnivore with a slender body, the steppe polecat preys on rodents and other small animals. Its nocturnal habits make it a less commonly seen resident of Hustai.

Marbled Polecat
Recognized by its striking spotted and marbled fur, this small carnivore is a rare but fascinating inhabitant of the park. It is known for its playful yet solitary behavior.

Birds

Hustai National Park is a paradise for birdwatchers, offering a rich diversity of avian life that thrives in its unique ecosystems. Below are some of the popular bird species found in the park:

Saker Falcon
This powerful bird of prey, one of the largest falcons, is known for its speed and hunting prowess. It often nests in cliffs and preys on small mammals and birds.

Steppe Eagle
A majestic bird of prey, the steppe eagle is a prominent feature of the Mongolian grasslands. Its broad wings and soaring flight are a spectacular sight.

Demoiselle Crane
These elegant cranes are known for their graceful movements and striking black and white plumage. They often gather near wetlands and open fields.

Upland Buzzard
A large raptor frequently seen in Hustai, upland buzzards are recognized by their broad wings and varied plumage patterns, ranging from pale to dark.

Golden Eagle
A symbol of strength and freedom, the golden eagle soars high above the park, hunting for small mammals and occasionally larger prey.

Eurasian Hoopoe
Known for its distinctive crest and black-and-white wings, the Eurasian hoopoe adds a splash of color to Hustai’s landscapes. Its call is as striking as its appearance.

Pallas’s Sandgrouse
These birds are well-adapted to the steppe environment, with their sandy-colored plumage blending perfectly into the arid terrain.

White-naped Crane
An endangered species, the white-naped crane is a rare but significant resident of the park. Its elegant appearance and unique calls make it a favorite among birdwatchers.

Mongolian Lark
This songbird is noted for its melodic tunes and striking plumage, with patches of black, white, and reddish-brown that stand out in the grasslands.

Lammergeier (Bearded Vulture)
A scavenger with an impressive wingspan, the lammergeier is known for its habit of dropping bones from heights to crack them open for marrow.

Hustai National Park is a haven for wildlife enthusiasts, offering countless opportunities to observe its rich biodiversity in a stunning natural setting.