Lake Gala National Park

Lake Gala Overview

Lake Gala National Park, known locally as Gala Gölü Millî Parkı, is a biologically rich wetland and freshwater ecosystem located in Edirne Province in the European part of Turkey. The park spans approximately 24.7 square miles, or about 64 square kilometers, and lies near the town of Enez, close to the Aegean coast and the border with Greece.

It encompasses Lake Gala, Lake Pamuklu, surrounding reed beds, marshlands, and agricultural lands that have reverted to natural conditions. The park sits within the Meriç Delta, one of the most significant wetland systems in Turkey.

The terrain is low-lying and flat, shaped by seasonal flooding and sediment deposits from nearby rivers. This creates a patchwork of shallow lakes, channels, and islands that are essential for the survival of countless water-dependent species.

The vegetation in Lake Gala National Park is adapted to its wetland environment, with extensive reed beds forming the dominant landscape feature around the lakes. These reeds provide critical cover and nesting habitat for birds and amphibians. Along with the reeds, there are willow groves, wet meadows, and aquatic plants such as water lilies and submerged grasses.

Seasonal changes in water levels influence the types of vegetation that flourish throughout the year, and in drier months, mudflats and open water patches emerge, attracting wading birds and other wildlife.

Wildlife in the park is particularly focused on bird species, making it one of Turkey’s premier birdwatching destinations. Over 160 bird species have been recorded, with Lake Gala and its surroundings serving as a major resting, breeding, and feeding ground for both resident and migratory birds. Notable species include flamingos, grey herons, little and great egrets, spoonbills, cormorants, and a variety of ducks and geese.

The area is also a haven for birds of prey such as marsh harriers and ospreys. Amphibians and reptiles thrive in the wetlands, and the lake systems support numerous fish species, including carp and catfish. Otters, although rarely seen, are known to inhabit the quieter, undisturbed areas of the marsh.

Popular features of the park include its bird observation towers and walking trails, which offer panoramic views across the lakes and marshes. Seasonal boat tours allow for closer views of the reed beds and the birds that inhabit them.

Sunrise and sunset provide some of the most striking visual experiences, as flocks of birds gather in great numbers, filling the sky and reflecting off the water’s surface. The peaceful scenery and vibrant birdlife draw nature lovers, photographers, and school groups throughout the year.

Visitors engage with Lake Gala National Park through birdwatching, hiking, photography, nature education programs, and guided eco-tours. The park is particularly active during spring and autumn migrations, when bird populations peak. Observation platforms and visitor facilities have been developed to allow responsible public access without disturbing the sensitive habitats.

Conservation efforts in Lake Gala National Park have made considerable progress since the area’s designation in 2005. Despite pressures from agriculture, water pollution, and unregulated fishing, improved protections and active management have helped stabilize key habitats.

Collaborations between local authorities, universities, and environmental NGOs have enhanced awareness and enforcement. Continued focus on sustainable tourism and habitat restoration is essential to preserving this vital wetland ecosystem for the future.

Park Map

Lake Gala National Park Highlights

Wildlife

Lake Gala National Park, located in the Edirne Province of northwestern Turkey, is a vital wetland ecosystem composed of freshwater lakes, reed beds, marshes, and forested patches. As part of the Meriç Delta near the Aegean Sea, it is especially important for both resident and migratory wildlife. The park’s mosaic of aquatic and terrestrial habitats supports a rich mix of mammals and reptiles that flourish in and around its wetlands.

Golden Jackal
This adaptable carnivore is frequently seen along reed beds and meadows. It feeds on small mammals, birds, amphibians, and carrion, and is known for its haunting howls during twilight.

Red Fox
Widespread throughout the park, the red fox hunts rodents and birds in the reeds and fields. It also scavenges and feeds on fruits and insects, often active during dawn and dusk.

European Wildcat
This elusive feline lives in secluded thickets and forest patches near the wetlands. It is nocturnal, solitary, and preys on small mammals and birds in dense cover.

Wild Boar
Common in the forested and marshy parts of the park, wild boars forage by digging through soil for roots, insects, and tubers. They often form family groups and are most active at night.

Hedgehog (Eastern European Hedgehog)
Thriving in grassy margins and shrub zones, this nocturnal insectivore feeds on beetles, worms, and small amphibians. It curls into a tight ball when threatened by predators.

European Badger
A secretive and nocturnal forager, the badger digs burrows in wooded areas and forages for insects, fruits, and small vertebrates. It is strong and leaves well-worn trails around its den.

European Water Shrew
This semi-aquatic insectivore lives along wet ditches and reed-lined ponds. It feeds on aquatic invertebrates and uses its dense fur to stay buoyant while swimming.

Grass Snake
A non-venomous reptile, the grass snake is often seen swimming or sunbathing near the water’s edge. It feeds on frogs, fish, and small amphibians and is an important wetland predator.

Dice Snake
This slender, spotted snake is common in wetlands and along lake shores. It is an expert swimmer and dives underwater to catch fish and tadpoles.

European Pond Turtle
A key wetland species, this freshwater turtle inhabits the park’s lakes and backwaters. It feeds on insects, aquatic plants, and small fish, and is often seen basking on logs and banks.

Birds

Lake Gala National Park is a world-class birdwatching destination, especially for wetland and waterbird species. Its position along key migration routes makes it a seasonal haven for tens of thousands of birds.

Dalmatian Pelican
One of the park’s flagship species, this massive and endangered bird nests in the reed beds and feeds on fish in the open waters. It’s often seen gliding low over the lake surface.

Greater Flamingo
These graceful waders form large flocks in the shallow zones of the lake. Their pink hue and synchronized feeding movements are among the park’s most iconic sights.

Pygmy Cormorant
This small, dark waterbird is a frequent diver, catching fish in the lake’s quieter corners. It nests in colonies among reeds and low shrubs.

Great Egret
Standing tall with pure white plumage, the great egret hunts frogs, fish, and aquatic insects in shallow waters. It is elegant in movement and nests communally in trees near the lake.

Squacco Heron
A buff-colored heron that remains motionless while hunting, the squacco heron is well-camouflaged in reeds and wet grass. It feeds on small fish and frogs.

Glossy Ibis
This iridescent wader with a long, curved bill forages in shallow wetlands for invertebrates. It nests in reed beds and adds color to the park’s diverse avian population.

White-headed Duck
An endangered diving duck found in deeper, reed-fringed areas. Males are distinguished by their bright blue bills, and both sexes dive for aquatic plants and insects.

Common Shelduck
This striking duck, with bold black and white plumage and a red bill, frequents the park’s open water and mudflats. It nests in burrows or dense vegetation.

Marsh Harrier
A dominant raptor of the reeds, this bird of prey soars low over marshes searching for waterbirds and small mammals. Its slow, gliding flight is a hallmark of the park’s wetlands.

Avocet
With a distinctive upturned bill and black-and-white plumage, the avocet wades through shallows, sweeping its bill to catch small aquatic creatures. It often nests in colonies on muddy islands.

Lake Gala National Park is a jewel of Turkey’s wetland ecosystems—where lakes, reeds, and forests converge to support an incredible abundance of wildlife, and where birdwatchers can witness some of the most spectacular waterbird gatherings in the country.