Tarutao National Marine Park

Tarutao National Marine Park Overview

Tarutao National Marine Park, known locally as “อุทยานแห่งชาติหมู่เกาะตะรุเตา” (Utthayan Haeng Chat Mu Ko Tarutao), is a breathtaking natural treasure located in the Andaman Sea in southern Thailand, near the border with Malaysia.

Spanning an area of approximately 931 square kilometers (approximately 359 square miles), this marine national park comprises 51 islands and is celebrated for its pristine beaches, lush tropical forests, and diverse marine ecosystems. Established in 1974, Tarutao National Park is part of the Satun Geopark, recognized as a UNESCO Global Geopark for its outstanding geological and ecological significance.

The park’s terrain is a stunning blend of limestone cliffs, rugged mountains, and dense rainforest. Its most prominent island, Ko Tarutao, features the towering To Bu Mountain, which rises to an elevation of 708 meters (2,323 feet). The island is also home to cascading waterfalls like Lu Du Waterfall, accessible through verdant jungle trails.

Other notable islands include Ko Adang, renowned for its coral reefs and vibrant marine life, and Ko Lipe, often called the “Maldives of Thailand” for its turquoise waters and powdery white sand beaches. The landscapes range from mangrove forests and seagrass beds to rocky coastlines and sandy shores, each providing a unique habitat for a variety of flora and fauna.

Tarutao National Marine Park is a haven for wildlife enthusiasts. On land, visitors may encounter crab-eating macaques, monitor lizards, and flying lemurs. Birdwatchers can delight in spotting species such as hornbills, kingfishers, and white-bellied sea eagles. The park’s waters are equally rich in biodiversity, hosting a vibrant array of marine creatures, including clownfish, parrotfish, and sea turtles. The surrounding coral reefs teem with life, making the park a prime destination for snorkeling and diving.

Visitors to Tarutao National Marine Park are drawn to its unspoiled beauty and tranquility. Activities such as kayaking through mangrove forests, trekking to secluded waterfalls, and stargazing on deserted beaches offer immersive ways to connect with nature. The underwater world is equally captivating, with snorkeling and diving adventures revealing a kaleidoscope of coral gardens and marine species.

The park also holds historical significance, as Ko Tarutao once served as a penal colony during the mid-20th century. Visitors can explore remnants of this era, including old prison ruins and interpretive trails that tell the story of the island’s past.

Tarutao National Marine Park faces conservation challenges, including illegal fishing and the impacts of climate change on its coral reefs. However, effective management and community engagement have led to significant successes, such as the recovery of sea turtle populations and improved coral reef health through sustainable tourism initiatives. The park remains a shining example of Thailand’s commitment to preserving its natural heritage for future generations.

Park Map

Tarutao National Marine Park Highlights

Wildlife

Tarutao National Marine Park, located in Thailand, is renowned for its pristine ecosystems, supporting a wide range of fascinating wildlife. The park’s diverse habitats, including mangroves, beaches, and dense forests, provide refuge for an array of captivating species. Here are some of the more popular animals found in the park:

Malayan Sun Bear
This small bear is recognized for its distinct chest patch, which is often orange or cream-colored. It is a skilled climber and primarily feeds on fruits, insects, and honey, making it a crucial part of the forest ecosystem.

Smooth-coated Otter
These sociable mammals are often seen in groups near the mangroves or along the park’s waterways. Known for their sleek bodies and playful behavior, they are an important indicator of healthy aquatic habitats.

Dugong
This gentle marine mammal is commonly spotted grazing on seagrass in the coastal waters of Tarutao. Dugongs are vital for maintaining seagrass bed health, contributing to the overall marine ecosystem balance.

Clouded Leopard
Elusive and beautiful, the clouded leopard is one of the park’s top predators. It is known for its distinctive, cloud-like coat patterns and is an agile climber, often found in the forest canopy.

Monitor Lizard
These large reptiles are commonly seen basking near water sources or slowly traversing forested areas. Monitor lizards are scavengers, playing a key role in the park’s nutrient cycle.

Crab-eating Macaque
A highly adaptable primate, this species is often seen near beaches and mangroves, foraging for crabs and other small prey. They exhibit complex social structures and are a common sight in Tarutao.

Reticulated Python
This massive snake, known for its intricate pattern, is one of the longest snake species in the world. It is non-venomous and relies on constriction to capture its prey.

Bengal Slow Loris
This nocturnal primate is recognized for its large, round eyes and slow, deliberate movements. It feeds on tree sap, insects, and fruits, and is typically found in the park’s dense forests.

Hawksbill Turtle
An endangered marine species, hawksbill turtles can often be seen in the coastal areas of Tarutao. They play a crucial role in maintaining healthy coral reefs by feeding on sponges.

Wild Boar
These robust and adaptable animals are often found rummaging through the forest floor for roots, fruits, and small animals. They contribute significantly to seed dispersal within the ecosystem.

Birds

Tarutao National Park is a haven for bird enthusiasts, with its rich mangrove forests, wetlands, and coastal areas providing shelter for numerous bird species. Here are some of the most popular birds found in the park:

White-bellied Sea Eagle
A majestic bird of prey, this eagle is often seen soaring over the coastlines or perched on tall trees near water. It feeds on fish and small mammals, showcasing its incredible hunting prowess.

Oriental Pied Hornbill
This striking bird is easily recognized by its large beak and casque. It plays an essential role in the ecosystem by dispersing seeds and maintaining forest health.

Greater Flameback
A vividly colored woodpecker, the greater flameback is known for its bright golden plumage and loud, rhythmic drumming on tree trunks as it searches for insects.

Pacific Reef Heron
Found near the park’s coastlines, this heron comes in two color morphs: white and dark grey. It is an adept hunter, feeding on fish and crustaceans in shallow waters.

Ruddy Kingfisher
This bright reddish-brown kingfisher is a spectacular sight, often seen near streams and mangroves. It preys on small fish, crabs, and insects.

Asian Koel
A well-known bird for its melodious, repetitive calls, the Asian koel is often heard before it is seen. It is a brood parasite, laying its eggs in the nests of other birds.

Black-naped Monarch
This small, elegant bird is recognized by its azure-blue plumage and distinctive black nape. It is an agile insectivore often seen flitting through forest canopies.

Purple Heron
A tall and slender bird, the purple heron prefers reed beds and shallow wetlands. It is a stealthy hunter, primarily preying on fish and amphibians.

Stork-billed Kingfisher
One of the largest kingfishers, this bird is known for its loud calls and vibrant plumage of blue, red, and yellow. It can often be seen perched near water.

Lesser Adjutant
This large, stork-like bird is a rare but significant species in the park. It feeds on fish and small reptiles, often seen in wetlands or mudflats.