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Middle Button Island National Park
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Middle Button Island Overview

Middle Button Island National Park, located in the Bay of Bengal within India’s Andaman and Nicobar Islands, is a pristine natural haven showcasing the vibrant biodiversity and ecological richness of the region. Spanning approximately 0.44 square miles (1.15 square kilometers), this small but significant protected area forms part of the Rani Jhansi Marine National Park cluster. Its remote location, surrounded by azure waters and coral reefs, creates an idyllic setting that serves as both a sanctuary for wildlife and a mesmerizing destination for visitors.

The terrain of Middle Button Island National Park is characterized by dense tropical forests, undulating landscapes, and rocky outcrops. The vegetation includes a mix of mangroves, coastal trees, and thick undergrowth, creating a lush canopy that shelters its inhabitants. The island’s beaches, fringed with white sand and scattered with rock formations, provide a striking contrast to the vibrant greenery. Nearby coral reefs, teeming with marine life, form an essential part of the park’s ecosystem, making it a critical zone for conservation.

The park is renowned for its rich array of wildlife. Among the terrestrial inhabitants, reptiles such as monitor lizards and snakes are common sightings. Bird enthusiasts may encounter species such as white-bellied sea eagles and kingfishers, whose calls resonate through the forest. The surrounding waters are home to a diverse marine ecosystem, with dolphins, sea turtles, and colorful reef fish thriving in the coral habitats. The island is also a nesting ground for olive ridley turtles, adding to its ecological importance.

Visitors to Middle Button Island National Park are often drawn to its pristine environment and unique features. Snorkeling and scuba diving are popular activities, offering an unparalleled opportunity to explore the vibrant coral reefs and observe marine life in its natural habitat. The park’s remoteness adds an element of adventure, attracting those seeking solitude and an escape into unspoiled nature. While the island does not have developed trails or facilities, its untouched beauty is the main allure for eco-tourists and marine life enthusiasts.

The park faces several conservation challenges, including the impact of climate change on coral reefs and the potential for human interference in its delicate ecosystem. However, ongoing efforts by the local authorities and conservation organizations aim to protect and preserve this fragile environment. Measures include regulating tourism, preventing illegal fishing, and conducting research on biodiversity and habitat restoration. These efforts have resulted in the protection of key species, such as sea turtles, and a growing awareness of the island’s ecological value.

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Park Map
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Middle Button Island National Park Highlights

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Middle Button Island National Park, located in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, is home to a diverse array of flora and fauna, including many unique and fascinating species. Its pristine ecosystems make it an important refuge for a variety of terrestrial and marine life.

Andaman Wild Boar
A subspecies of the wild boar found exclusively in the Andaman Islands, these animals are notable for their robust build and thick fur. They play a crucial role in the ecosystem by helping to aerate the soil while foraging.

Saltwater Crocodile
The world’s largest living reptile, saltwater crocodiles inhabit the mangroves and coastal waters of the park. They are apex predators and are known for their stealth and power.

Leatherback Sea Turtle
The largest of all sea turtles, leatherbacks are frequent visitors to the park’s beaches for nesting. Their unique leathery shell and deep-diving ability make them a remarkable species.

Andaman Day Gecko
This small, vibrant gecko is endemic to the Andaman Islands and is often spotted on trees and rocks. It plays a vital role in controlling insect populations.

Indian Star Tortoise
Recognizable by the star-like patterns on their shells, these tortoises are terrestrial herbivores that thrive in the park’s dry areas, feeding on grasses and fruits.

Andaman Cobra
This species of cobra, unique to the Andaman Islands, is venomous and plays a significant role in controlling rodent populations in the park.

Hermit Crab
These crustaceans are a common sight along the park’s shores, known for their habit of using discarded shells for protection as they grow.

Mangrove Monitor Lizard
A large reptile that thrives in the mangrove forests, this lizard is a skilled climber and swimmer, feeding on fish, birds, and smaller animals.

Coconut Crab
The largest terrestrial arthropod, coconut crabs are famous for their ability to climb trees and crack open coconuts with their powerful claws.

Andaman Spiny Shrew
An elusive small mammal, the Andaman spiny shrew is endemic to the region and is characterized by its sharp spines and insectivorous diet.

Birds

Middle Button Island National Park is also a haven for bird enthusiasts, offering a glimpse of some of the most stunning avian species that inhabit the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Andaman Wood Pigeon
This large, colorful pigeon is the state bird of the Andaman Islands. Its striking plumage and melodious calls make it a standout in the park’s forests.

Nicobar Parakeet
The largest parakeet in the region, this bird is known for its vibrant green feathers and long tail. It is often seen in flocks, feeding on fruits and seeds.

Andaman Drongo
This sleek, black bird is a skilled flyer and a mimic, often imitating the calls of other birds. It is commonly found in forested areas.

Black-naped Tern
This elegant seabird is frequently seen along the coastlines, gliding gracefully over the water. Its black nape and white body make it easy to identify.

Andaman Coucal
A large, shy bird with a distinctive coppery-brown body and dark wings, the Andaman coucal is often spotted in dense undergrowth.

White-headed Starling
Endemic to the Andaman Islands, this starling is recognizable by its pale head and dark body. It feeds on fruits and small insects.

Andaman Teal
A small, endemic duck species, the Andaman teal is usually found in wetlands and mangrove areas, where it feeds on aquatic vegetation.

Brown Hawk-Owl
This nocturnal bird of prey is known for its large eyes and distinctive hooting calls, often heard during the night in the park.

Andaman Green Pigeon
A close relative of the Andaman wood pigeon, this species has green plumage and is often seen feeding on berries and fruits in the forest canopy.

Glossy Swiftlet
These small, fast-flying birds are commonly seen darting through the air in search of insects. They are known for their role in creating edible bird nests.

Middle Button Island National Park is a treasure trove for nature lovers, offering an unparalleled opportunity to experience its incredible biodiversity.

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