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Manas National Park
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Manas Overview

Manas National Park, known locally as Manas Rastriya Udyan, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site situated in the northeastern state of Assam, India. Spanning an area of approximately 366 square miles (950 square kilometers), the park is nestled at the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas, sharing its northern boundary with Bhutan’s Royal Manas National Park. This contiguous transboundary conservation area highlights its significance as a vital ecological corridor in the region. The park derives its name from the Manas River, a major tributary of the Brahmaputra River, which flows through it and adds to its scenic beauty.

The terrain of Manas National Park is a harmonious blend of grasslands, tropical semi-evergreen forests, and riverine habitats. Its lush landscapes are characterized by dense forests, rolling hills, and vast stretches of savannah-like grasslands. Among its notable geographic features is the Bansbari Plain, a picturesque region teeming with biodiversity, and the striking backdrop of the Bhutanese mountains to the north. The park’s vegetation includes species like sal, bamboo, and a variety of tropical flowering plants, which provide a dense canopy and vibrant seasonal blooms that enhance the natural beauty of the area.

Manas is celebrated for its rich and diverse wildlife, including several endangered and endemic species. It is a haven for large mammals such as the Bengal tiger, Indian elephant, and Indian rhinoceros. The park is also home to the rare and elusive clouded leopard and the endangered golden langur. Its grasslands support species like the pygmy hog, swamp deer, and hispid hare. Bird enthusiasts are drawn to Manas for its incredible avifauna, which includes over 450 bird species. Prominent sightings include the great hornbill, Bengal florican, and a variety of waterfowl and raptors that thrive in its pristine habitats.

Visitors to Manas National Park often highlight its unique experiences, including jeep safaris that traverse its undulating terrain, elephant-back rides through the grasslands, and guided boat rides along the Manas River. The park is also a destination for eco-tourism, with well-maintained lodges and community-managed facilities offering an immersive experience in the wilderness. Birdwatching and nature trails provide quieter, more contemplative ways to engage with the park’s biodiversity.

Manas faces several conservation challenges, including habitat degradation, poaching, and human-wildlife conflict. However, concerted efforts by the government and local communities have led to notable successes. Once listed as a World Heritage Site in Danger, Manas has seen a resurgence in its wildlife populations due to stringent anti-poaching measures and habitat restoration programs. The active participation of local communities has been instrumental in its conservation story, highlighting a model of sustainable coexistence.

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Manas National Park Highlights

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Manas National Park, located in Assam, India, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site celebrated for its stunning biodiversity and breathtaking landscapes. The park is home to a variety of species, including several that are rare and endangered, making it a treasure trove for wildlife enthusiasts.

Royal Bengal Tiger
The apex predator of Manas, the Royal Bengal Tiger is a symbol of strength and grace. With its vibrant orange coat and black stripes, it roams the dense forests and grasslands of the park, playing a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance.

Indian Elephant
Known for their intelligence and social behavior, Indian elephants are a common sight in Manas. These majestic creatures travel in herds and are often seen near water sources, where they drink and bathe.

Assam Roofed Turtle
This critically endangered turtle species is a unique inhabitant of the park. Found in the rivers and wetlands, the Assam roofed turtle is recognizable by the distinctive shape of its carapace.

Golden Langur
Endemic to this region, the golden langur is a primate with striking golden-orange fur. They are tree-dwellers and are often seen swinging between branches in search of fruits and leaves.

Pygmy Hog
The pygmy hog, one of the smallest wild pigs in the world, is critically endangered and a flagship species for conservation in Manas. It inhabits the dense grasslands of the park.

Clouded Leopard
The elusive clouded leopard, with its beautifully patterned coat, is a rare sight in the park. Preferring dense forests, this feline is an excellent climber and hunts smaller animals.

Indian Pangolin
This nocturnal mammal is covered in protective keratin scales. It is known for its ability to curl into a tight ball when threatened and feeds primarily on ants and termites.

Bengal Florican
Although not placed in the bird section, this rare bustard is notable in the park’s grasslands and holds significance due to its endangered status and unique appearance.

Himalayan Black Bear
Known for its white crescent-shaped chest marking, the Himalayan black bear is a shy but powerful resident of Manas, usually spotted in forested regions.

Indian Gaurs
These massive bovines, also called Indian bison, are among the largest of their kind. They roam in herds through the park’s grasslands and forests, feeding on grasses and foliage.

Birds

Manas National Park is also renowned for its avian diversity, attracting birdwatchers from around the globe. The park hosts a range of fascinating bird species, each adding vibrant life to the landscape.

Great Hornbill
A magnificent bird with a large, curved bill and striking plumage, the great hornbill is an iconic species of the park. It is known for its unique courtship rituals and role in seed dispersal.

Ruddy Shelduck
Often found near water bodies, this bright orange-brown bird, also called the Brahminy duck, is a migratory species that adds color to the wetlands during winter.

Black-necked Crane
A rare visitor to Manas, the black-necked crane is a revered species with its elegant black and white plumage and melodic calls.

White-bellied Heron
Among the rarest herons globally, the white-bellied heron prefers secluded wetlands and streams, making its presence in Manas a highlight for birdwatchers.

Pied Falconet
This small but fierce bird of prey is known for its speed and sharp hunting skills. Its striking black-and-white plumage makes it easy to spot against the forest backdrop.

Crested Serpent Eagle
With its piercing eyes and loud calls, this raptor is often seen gliding over the park in search of prey like snakes and lizards.

Lesser Adjutant Stork
A tall, gangly bird with a bald head and a large bill, the lesser adjutant stork thrives in the marshes and wetlands of Manas.

Green Imperial Pigeon
This elegant bird, with its shimmering green plumage, is often spotted in the forest canopy, feeding on fruits and berries.

Red-headed Trogon
A vividly colored bird with a red body and contrasting black and white patterns, the red-headed trogon is a delight to spot in the dense forest.

Oriental Pied Hornbill
This medium-sized hornbill has a striking black and white body with a large yellow bill. It is often seen in pairs, calling out with their resonant voices.

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